Perché oggi è la Festa della Repubblica

Passivo
Passive form

“Viene chiamato anche “Vittoriano”, ed è stato inaugurato nel 1911″
(It is also called the “Vittoriano” and was inaugurated in 1911)

In this sentence, the passive forms “viene chiamato” (is called) and “è stato inaugurato” (was inaugurated) are used instead of the active forms to shift the focus from the subject performing the action to the subject receiving the action. The emphasis is placed on the monument itself and its current state or status.

The passive voice is commonly used in Italian to describe actions or events in a more impersonal or objective manner. It allows the speaker or writer to focus on the result or the state of something rather than on who performed the action. 

In this case, the sentence highlights the fact that the monument is commonly known as the “Vittoriano” and that it was inaugurated in 1911, without specifying who gave it that name or who performed the inauguration.

Here are some more examples:

1. La lettera è stata inviata ieri. (The letter was sent yesterday.)
2. Il film è stato girato in Italia. (The movie was filmed in Italy.)
3. La casa è stata costruita nel 19° secolo. (The house was built in the 19th century.)
4. Il quadro è stato dipinto da un artista famoso. (The painting was painted by a famous artist.)
5. La strada è stata chiusa per lavori di manutenzione. (The road was closed for maintenance works.)